詩篇註釋 | 亞當克拉克 ( Adam Clarke )

【導言】詩篇作者勸勉眾人讚美上帝所行的奇事（詩66:1-4）；他呼籲以色列人思想上帝為他們列祖所行的偉大作為（詩66:5-7）；以及上帝為他們自身所施的恩惠（詩66:8-12）；他決意向上帝還願，獻上所應許的祭物（詩66:13-15）；他呼籲眾人聆聽上帝為他靈魂所行的事（詩66:15-20）。本詩篇的標題並無特別之處。希伯來文、亞蘭文、敘利亞文、七十士譯本、拉丁通行本或衣索比亞文均未將其歸於大衛。唯獨阿拉伯文版本冠以大衛之名。拉丁通行本、七十士譯本、衣索比亞文和阿拉伯文稱其為「復活詩篇」，但此說並無根據。許多古人認為本詩篇是為慶祝從巴比倫被擄歸回而作。另一些人則認為它紀念以色列人出埃及、進入應許之地，以及在耶路撒冷建立上帝的敬拜。

**Make a joyfull noise - Sing aloud to God, all ye lands - all ye people who, from different parts of the Babylonish empire, are now on return to your own land.**
發出歡樂的聲音——向神高聲歌唱，普世萬民啊——所有從巴比倫帝國各地歸回故土的人民啊。

**The honor of his name - Let his glorious and merciful acts be the subject of your songs.**
他名的榮耀——願他榮耀與慈悲的作為成為你們歌頌的主題。

**How terrible art thou - Consider the plagues with which he afflicted Egypt before he brought your fathers from their captivity, which obliged all his enemies to submit. Thine enemies submit themselves - Literally, lie unto thee. This was remarkably the case with Pharaoh and the Egyptians. They promised again and again to let the people go, when the hand of the Lord was upon them: and they as frequently falsified their word.**
你何等可畏——思想他如何降災於埃及，在將你們的列祖從被擄之地領出來之前，這些災禍迫使他所有的仇敵屈服。你的仇敵向你屈服——字面意思是「向你說謊」。法老和埃及人的情況正是如此。當耶和華的手降在他們身上時，他們一次又一次地應許讓百姓離開；而他們也同樣頻繁地食言。

**All the earth - The whole land shall worship thee. There shall no more an idol be found among the tribes of Israel. This was iterally true. After the Babylonish captivity the Israelites never relapsed into idolatry. Selah - Remark it: this is a well attested truth.**
全地——整個國家都將敬拜你。以色列各支派中將不再有偶像。這在字面上是真實的。巴比倫被擄歸回之後，以色列人再也沒有重蹈偶像崇拜的覆轍。細拉——請注意：這是一個有充分證實的真理。

**Come and see the works of God - Let every man lay God's wonderful dealings with us to heart; and compare our deliverance from Babylon to that of our fathers from Egypt.**
來，看上帝的作為——願每個人都將上帝對我們奇妙的作為銘記於心；並將我們從巴比倫的蒙拯救與我們列祖從埃及的蒙拯救相比較。

**He turned the sea into dry land - This was a plain miracle: no human art or contrivance could do this. Even in the bed of the waters They did rejoice in him. We have not less cause to praise and be thankful.**
他使海變為乾地——這是一個明顯的神蹟：任何人類的技藝或計謀都無法做到。即使在水底，他們也因他而歡喜。我們同樣有理由讚美和感恩。

**Be ruleth by his power - His omnipotence is employed to support his followers, and cast down his enemies. His eyes behold the nations - He sees what they purpose, what they intend to do; and what they will do, if he restrain them not. Let not the rebellious exalt themselves - They shall not succeed in their designs: they have their own aggrandizement in view, but thou wilt disappoint and cast them down. Selah - Mark this. It is true.**
他以大能掌權——他的全能被用來扶持他的跟隨者，並擊敗他的仇敵。他的眼睛鑒察列國——他看見他們所圖謀的，他們打算做什麼；以及如果他不加以約束，他們將會做什麼。願悖逆者不要自高——他們不會成功實現他們的計畫：他們心懷自己的擴張，但你必使他們失望並將他們擊倒。細拉——請注意。這是真的。

**O bless our God - Who have so much cause as you to sing praises to the Lord? Hear what he has done for you:**
哦，稱頌我們的上帝——誰有像你們這樣多的理由來歌頌耶和華呢？聽聽他為你們所行的事：

**Which holdeth our soul in life - Literally, "he who placeth our soul בחיים bachaiyim, in lives." We are preserved alive, have health of body, and feel the life of God in our hearts. And suffereth not her feet to be moved - Keeps us steadfast in his testimonies. We have our life, our liberty, and our religion. O, what hath the Lord wrought for us! "Make, therefore, the voice of his praise to be heard." Let God and man know you are thankful.**
他使我們的靈魂存活——字面意思是「他將我們的靈魂置於**בחיים**（bachaiyim，生命中）」。我們得以存活，身體健康，並在心中感受到上帝的生命。他不讓我們的腳動搖——使我們堅定在他的見證中。我們擁有生命、自由和信仰。哦，耶和華為我們成就了何等大事！「因此，要使讚美他的聲音被聽見。」讓上帝和世人都知道你們是感恩的。

**For thou, O God, hast proved us - This is a metaphor taken from melting and refining metals; afflictions and trials of various kinds are代表as a furnace where ore is melted, and a crucible where it is refined. And this metaphor is used especially to represent cases where there is doubt concerning the purity of the metal, the quantity of alloy, or even the nature or kind of metal subjected to the trial. So God is said to try the Israelites that he might know what was in them; and whether they would keep his testimonies: and then, according to the issue, his conduct towards them would appear to be founded on reason and justice.**
因為你，上帝啊，曾試驗我們——這是一個取自熔煉和提煉金屬的隱喻；各種苦難和試煉被比作熔化礦石的爐子，以及提煉金屬的坩堝。這個隱喻特別用來表示對金屬純度、合金量，甚至受試驗金屬的性質或種類存在疑問的情況。因此，上帝被說成是試驗以色列人，為要使他知道他們裡面有什麼；以及他們是否會遵守他的見證：然後，根據結果，他對他們的行為將顯得是基於理性和公義的。

**Thou broughtest us into the net - This refers well to the case of the Israelites, when, in their departure from Egypt, pursued by the Egyptians, having the Red Sea before them, and no method of escape, Pharaoh said, "The wilderness hath shut them in, - they are entangled;" comparing their state to that of a wild beast in a net. Affliction upon our loins - Perhaps this alludes to that sharp pain in the back and loins which is generally felt on the apprehension of sudden and destructive danger.**
你使我們陷入網羅——這很好地指涉了以色列人的情況，當他們離開埃及，被埃及人追趕，紅海在前，無路可逃時，法老說：「曠野把他們困住了，——他們被纏住了」；將他們的處境比作野獸被困在網羅中。苦難加在我們的腰上——這或許暗示了在預感到突如其來且具毀滅性的危險時，通常會感受到的背部和腰部的劇痛。

**Thou hast caused men to ride over our heads - Thou hast permitted us to fall under the dominion of our enemies; who have treated us as broken infantry are when the cavalry dashes among their disordered ranks, treading all under the horses' feet. We went through fire and through water - Through afflictions of the most torturing and overwhelming nature. To represent such, the metaphors of fire and water are often used in Scripture. The old Psalter considers these trials as a proof of the uprightness of those who were tried - We passid thrugh fire and watir: that is, thurgh wa and wele, as a man that leves noght his waye for hete na for kald, for dry na for wette; and thou out lede us fra tribulacyon intill koling (cooling) that is, in till endles riste, that we hope to hafe after this travell. Wealthy place - Well watered place, to wit, the land of Judea.**
你使人騎在我們的頭上——你允許我們落在仇敵的統治之下；他們對待我們，就像騎兵衝入潰散的步兵隊伍中，將一切踐踏在馬蹄之下。我們經過水火——經歷了最折磨人、最令人難以承受的苦難。為了表達這種苦難，聖經中常用火和水的比喻。《古詩篇集》將這些試煉視為受試煉者正直的證明——「我們經過水火：即經過苦難與安樂，如同一個人不因炎熱或寒冷，不因乾燥或潮濕而放棄他的道路；你將我們從患難中領出，進入安息（cooling），即進入我們希望在勞苦之後擁有的無盡安息。」富饒之地——水源充足之地，即猶大之地。

**I will go into thy house with burnt-offerings - Now that thou hast restored us to our own land, and established us in it, we will establish thy worship, and offer all the various kinds of sacrifices required by thy law. I will pay thee my vows - We often vowed, if thou wouldst deliver us from our bondage, to worship and serve thee alone: now thou hast heard our prayers, and hast delivered us; therefore will we fulfill our engagements to thee. The old Psalter gives this a pious turn: - I sall yelde till the my woues, that is, the vowes of louying (praising) the; whilk vowes my lipes divisid sayand, that I am noght, and thou arte all: and I hafe nede of the, noght thou of me. This is a right distinction - It is certainly a good distinction, and it is strictly true. The allsufficient God needs not his creatures.**
我必帶著燔祭進入你的殿——既然你已將我們歸回故土，並使我們安居其中，我們就必建立你的敬拜，獻上你律法所要求的一切各類祭物。我必向你還我的願——我們曾多次許願，若你將我們從捆綁中解救出來，我們必單單敬拜事奉你：如今你已垂聽我們的禱告，並已拯救我們；因此我們必向你履行我們的承諾。《古詩篇集》賦予此處虔誠的轉義：「我必向你還我的願，即讚美你的願；我的嘴唇曾發出這些願，說我算不得什麼，而你是一切：我需要你，而不是你需要我。」這是一個正確的區分——這確實是一個好的區分，而且是絕對真實的。全足全能的上帝不需要他的受造物。

**When I was in trouble - This is generally the time when good resolutions are formed, and vows made; but how often are these forgotten when affliction and calamity are removed!**
當我在患難中——這通常是立下善願和許願的時候；但當苦難和災禍解除後，這些願望又多麼頻繁地被遺忘啊！

**I will offer, etc. - Thou shalt have the best of the herd and of the fold; the lame and the blind shall never be given to thee for sacrifice. The incense of rams - The fine effluvia arising from the burning of the pure fat.**
我必獻上，等等——你必得著牛群和羊群中最好的；瘸腿的和瞎眼的絕不可獻給你作祭物。公羊的馨香——指燃燒純淨脂肪所散發出的美好香氣。

**Come and hear, all ye that fear God - While in captivity, the psalmist had sought the Lord with frequent prayer for his own personal salvation, and for the deliverance of the people; and God blessed him, heard his prayer, and turned the captivity. Now that he is returned in safety, he is determined to perform his vows to the Lord; and calls on all them that fear their Maker, who have any religious reverence for him, to attend to his account of the Lord's gracious dealings with him. He proposes to tell them his spiritual experience, what he needed, what he earnestly prayed for, and what God has done for him. Thus he intended to teach them by example, more powerful always than precept, however weighty in itself, and impressively delivered.**
來聽，凡敬畏上帝的人——在被擄期間，詩篇作者曾頻繁禱告尋求耶和華，為他個人的救恩和百姓的蒙拯救；上帝賜福他，垂聽他的禱告，並扭轉了被擄的命運。如今他已平安歸回，他決意向耶和華還願；並呼籲所有敬畏造物主、對他懷有任何宗教敬畏之心的人，來聆聽他講述耶和華對他施恩的經歷。他打算告訴他們他的屬靈經歷，他需要什麼，他懇切禱告了什麼，以及上帝為他做了什麼。因此，他意圖透過榜樣來教導他們，這總是比誡命更有力量，無論誡命本身多麼重要，傳達得多麼令人印象深刻。

**I cried unto him with my mouth - My prayer was fervent; he heard and answered; and my tongue celebrated his mercies; and he as graciously received my thanksgiving, as he compassionately heard my prayer.**
我口向他呼求——我的禱告是熱切的；他垂聽並回應；我的舌頭頌揚他的慈愛；他以同樣的恩慈接納我的感恩，如同他以憐憫垂聽我的禱告。

**If I regard iniquity in my heart - "If I have seen (ראיתי raithi) iniquity in my heart," if I have known it was there, and encouraged it; if I pretended to be what I was not; if I loved iniquity, while I professed to pray and be sorry for my sin; the Lord, אדני Adonai, my Prop, Stay, and Supporter, would not have heard, and I should have been left without help or support.**
我若心裡注重罪孽——「我若看見（**ראיתי**，raithi）我心裡的罪孽」，若我知道它在那裡並加以鼓勵；若我假裝不是我所是的；若我愛罪孽，卻又聲稱禱告並為我的罪憂傷；那麼主，**אדני**（Adonai），我的扶持、我的依靠、我的支持者，就不會垂聽，我也將被撇下，沒有幫助或支持。

**Verily God hath heard me - A sure proof that my prayer was upright, and my heart honest, before him.**
上帝確實聽見了我——這確鑿證明我的禱告是正直的，我的心在他面前是誠實的。

**Blessed be God - I therefore praise God, who has not turned aside my prayer, and who has not withheld his mercy from me. Thus he told them what God had done for his soul.**
願上帝受稱頌——因此我讚美上帝，他沒有轉離我的禱告，也沒有向我收回他的慈愛。他就這樣告訴他們上帝為他的靈魂所行的事。

【導言】詩篇作者為上帝國度的擴展禱告（詩67:1, 詩67:2）；他呼籲萬國事奉上帝，因為他以公義判斷和治理（詩67:3-5）；他應許忠信順服者必得昌盛（詩67:6, 詩67:7）。此處的標題與詩4:1-8（註）相同，請參閱該處的注釋。本詩篇被認為是在巴比倫被擄歸回時所寫，並預言外邦人歸信基督教。為他們得救的禱告充滿力量。

**God be merciful unto us - Show the Jewish people thy mercy, bless them in their bodies and souls and give a full evidence of thy approbation. This is nearly the same form of blessing as that used Num 6:25 (note), where see the notes.**
上帝啊，願你憐憫我們——願你向猶太人顯明你的慈愛，在他們的身體和靈魂上賜福他們，並充分證明你的認可。這與民數記6:25（註）所用的祝福形式幾乎相同，請參閱該處的注釋。

**That thy way may be known - That thy will, thy gracious designs towards the children of men, thy way of reconciling them to thyself, of justifying the ungodly, and sanctifying the unholy, may be known to all the nations upon the earth! God's way is God's religion; what he walks in before men; and in which men must walk before him. A man's religion is his way of worshipping God, and going to heaven. The whole Gospel is called this way, Act 19:9 . Thy saving health - ישועתך yeshuathecha, "thy salvation." The great work which is performed in God's way, in destroying the power, pardoning the guilt, cleansing from the infection, of all sin; and filling the soul with holiness, with the mind that was in Christ. Let all nations - the whole Gentile world, know that way, and this salvation!**
好叫你的道路在地上被認識——願你的旨意，你對世人的恩慈計畫，你使他們與你和好、稱義不敬虔者、聖化不聖潔者的道路，能在地上萬國中被認識！上帝的道路就是上帝的信仰；是他如何在人面前行事，也是人必須在他面前行事的方式。一個人的信仰是他敬拜上帝、走向天堂的方式。整本福音書都被稱為這條道路（徒19:9）。你的救恩——**ישועתך**（yeshuathecha），「你的救贖」。這是上帝道路上所成就的偉大工作，即摧毀所有罪惡的權勢，赦免罪咎，潔淨罪惡的感染；並使靈魂充滿聖潔，擁有基督的心思。願萬國——整個外邦世界，都認識這條道路和這救贖！

**Let the people praise thee - When this is done, the people - the Gentiles, will praise thee; all will give thanks to God for his unspeakable gift.**
願萬民稱讚你——當這事成就時，萬民——外邦人，將稱讚你；所有人都將為上帝那無法言喻的恩賜而感謝他。

**Glad and sing for joy - They shall be made happy in thy salvation. Even their political state shall be greatly meliorated; for God will be acknowledged the supreme Judge; their laws shall be founded on his word; and the nations of the earth shall be governed according to judgment, justice, and equity. Selah - This is true. There are innumerable facts to confirm it. All the nations who have received the Gospel of Christ have been benefited politically, as well as spiritually, by it.**
歡喜快樂歌唱——他們將因你的救恩而蒙福。甚至他們的政治狀況也將大大改善；因為上帝將被承認為至高無上的審判者；他們的法律將建立在他的話語之上；地上的萬國將按照判斷、公義和公平來治理。細拉——這是真的。有無數的事實可以證實這一點。所有接受基督福音的國家，無論在政治上還是在屬靈上，都因此受益。

**Let the people praise thee - Seeing the abundance of the blessings which the Gentiles were to receive, he calls again and again upon them to magnify God for such mercies.**
願萬民稱讚你——看到外邦人將要領受的豐盛恩典，他一次又一次地呼籲他們為這些慈愛而頌讚上帝。

**The earth yield her increase - As the ground was cursed for the sin of man, and the curse was to be removed by Jesus Christ, the fertility of the ground should be influenced by the preaching of the Gospel; for as the people's minds would become enlightened by the truth, they would, in consequence, become capable of making the most beneficial discoveries in arts and sciences, and there should be an especial blessing on the toil of the pious husbandman. Whenever true religion prevails, every thing partakes of its beneficent influence.**
地要出土產——正如地因人的罪受了咒詛，而這咒詛將由耶穌基督除去，地的肥沃度應受福音傳播的影響；因為當人們的心智被真理啟迪時，他們將因此能夠在藝術和科學上做出最有益的發現，虔誠農夫的勞動也將得到特別的祝福。每當真宗教盛行時，萬物都將分享其有益的影響。